GOAL-SETTING AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL BASIS OF STUDYING

Abstract

The attempts to generalize theoretically the scientific achievements of the topical problem of goal-setting in adolescence have been represented in the article. The problem of gradual formation of goal-setting has been highlighted: goal formation and its achievement by students. The significance, content of motives, structure of needs that recognize the peculiarities of goal-setting have been analyzed. The problem has been substantiated: goal-setting creates a certain direction in life, however, most students have low scores on the criterion of «life goals». The article covers functionally significant components, namely: motives, goals, actions; the research on motivation of students’  goal-setting when selfish motives prevail, and social, cognitive researching are secondary, and also, research of gender features of goal-setting of students’ youth have been analyzed.

The article emphasizes that the mechanism of goal-setting is not limited to motives. It includes the scope of needs, on the basis of which goals arise. The structure of needs is described: their state at the moment, the desired state, experiencing the differences between them and trying to achieve the desired. Thus, the goal retains all the components of need. It has been proved that the study of goal-setting is an analysis of the goal in the consumer-motivational sphere.

Based on the analysis of primary sources, it has been shown that goals together with motives give the activity a personal character, so it is important to draw up a plan for achieving the goal in the process of activity.

The role of abilities in goal-setting has been analyzed. It is the abilities (primarily referring to studying and work) contribute to the successful implementation of the planned activities. Based on the analysis of research, the statement has been substantiated that goal-setting is not only an activity, but also, abilities that can be developed under certain conditions. (Popova, Dmitrieva). The analysis of psychological and pedagogical aspects of goal-setting research can be the basis for the selection of goal-setting research methods for students.