COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRAUMA RESPONCES AMONG INTERNALLY DISPLACED INDIVIDUALS AND RESIDENTS IN RELATIVELY SECURE REGIONS OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The article analyzes the concept of traumatic stress, identifies factors that intensify its impact, and outlines its psychological consequences. A comparative analysis was conducted of the psychological responses to traumatic stress among two groups: internally displaced persons (IDPs) and individuals residing in relatively secure areas of Ukraine.

The findings indicate that the most pronounced emotional response in both groups is the fear of the death of family members (reported by 100% of IDPs and 87% of residents in relatively safe territories). The primary manifestations of traumatic stress include intrusive re-experiencing of traumatic events (87% and 83%, respectively), irritability or outbursts of anger (93% and 81%), difficulties falling asleep or excessive drowsiness (90% and 85%), and a marked tendency to avoid thoughts, emotions, or conversations related to the traumatic experience (87% and 83%).

Despite these similarities, notable differences were identified. Suspiciousness or hypervigilance was observed in 90% of IDPs compared to 45% of individuals living in safer regions. Other differing symptoms included anxiety-related dreams or nightmares (90% and 57%), intrusive memories and emotional responses related to the trauma (87% and 62%), and avoidance of activities, places, or people associated with the event (87% and 51%). A lack of interest in previously enjoyed activities was reported by 83% of IDPs and 57% of individuals who remained in their homes.

Using the Fisher test, statistically significant differences were found between the two groups, confirming the greater psychological impact of traumatic stress on individuals with internally displaced status.

The article concludes with psychological recommendations aimed at mitigating the effects of traumatic stress. Proposed interventions include yoga, meditation, music therapy, martial arts, equine therapy, acupuncture, running, art therapy, hydrotherapy, and gardening